The Wealth of Networks
How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom
Yochai Benkler
Yale University Press
New Haven and London
Copyright © 2006 by Yochai Benkler.
This online version is available under a Creative Commons Noncommercial Sharealike license - see http://www.benkler.org/ - and has been reformatted and designated as recommended reading for the NGO Committee on Education of the Conference Of Non-Governmental Organizations in Consultative Relationship with the United Nations in conjunction with the Committee's commitment to the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development, the International Decade for a Culture of Peace and Non-violence for the Children of the World, the Millennium Development Goals and related international agreements, conventions and treaties.
For Deb, Noam, and Ari
"Human nature is not a machine to be built after a model, and set to do exactly the work prescribed for it, but a tree, which requires to grow and develop itself on all sides, according to the tendency of the inward forces which make it a living thing.""Such are the differences among human beings in their sources of pleasure, their susceptibilities of pain, and the operation on them of different physical and moral agencies, that unless there is a corresponding diversity in their modes of life, they neither obtain their fair share of happiness, nor grow up to the mental, moral, and aesthetic stature of which their nature is capable."
John Stuart Mill, On Liberty (1859)
Wealth of Networks - Tümü TEK DOSYA
Contents
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Chapter 1 Introduction: A Moment of Opportunity and Challenge
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The Emergence of the Networked Information Economy
Networked Information Economy and Liberal, Democratic Societies
The Stakes of It All: The Battle Over the Institutional Ecology of the Digital Environment
Part One The Networked Information Economy
Chapter 2 Some Basic Economics of Information Production and Innovation
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The Diversity of Strategies in our Current Information Production System
The Effects of Exclusive Rights
Chapter 3 Peer Production and Sharing
Chapter 4 The Economics of Social Production
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Motivation
Social Production: Feasibility Conditions and Organizational Form
Transaction Costs and Efficiency
The Emergence of Social Production in the Digitally Networked Environment
The Interface of Social Production and Market-Based Businesses
Part Two: The Political Economy of Property and Commons
Chapter 5 Individual Freedom: Autonomy, Information, and Law
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Freedom to Do More For Oneself, by Oneself, and With Others
Autonomy, Property, and Commons
Chapter 6 Political Freedom Part 1: The Trouble with Mass Media
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Design Characteristics of a Communications Platform for a Liberal Public Platform or a Liberal Public Sphere
The Emergence of the Commercial Mass-Media Platform for the Public Sphere
Chapter 7 Political Freedom Part 2: Emergence of the Networked Public Sphere
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Basic Tools of Networked Communication
Networked Information Economy Meets the Public Sphere
Critiques of the Claims that the Internet has Democratizing Effects
Is the Internet Too Chaotic, Too Concentrated, or Neither?
On Power Law Distributions, Network Topology, and Being Heard
Who Will Play the Watchdog Function?
Using Networked Communication to Work Around Authoritarian Control
Chapter 8 Cultural Freedom: A Culture Both Plastic and Critical
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Cultural Freedom in Liberal Political Theory
The Transparency of Internet Culture
The Plasticity of Internet Culture: The Future of High-Production-Value Folk Culture
Chapter 9 Justice and Development
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Liberal Theories of Justice and the Networked Information Economy
Commons-Based Strategies for Human Welfare and Development
Information-Embedded Goods and Tools, Information, and Knowledge
Industrial Organization of HDI-Related Information Industries
Toward Adopting Commons-Based Strategies for Development
Chapter 10 Social Ties: Networking Together
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From "Virtual Communities" to Fear of Disintegration
A More Positive Picture Emerges Over Time
The Internet as a Platform for Human Connection
Part Three: Policies of Freedom at a Moment of Transformation
Chapter 11 The Battle Over the Institutional Ecology of the Digital Environment
Chapter 12 Conclusion: The Stakes of Information Law and Policy
Notes
How Social Production Transforms Markets and Freedom
Yochai Benkler
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Benkler, Yochai.
The wealth of networks : how social production transforms markets and freedom / Yochai Benkler.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-13: 978-0-300-11056-2 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 0-300-11056-1 (alk. paper)
1. Information society. 2. Information networks. 3. Computer networks-Social aspects. 4. Computer networks-Economic aspects.
I. Title.
HM851.B457 2006
303.48'33-dc22 2005028316
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
The paper in the published copy of this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library Resources.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
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